Breast cancer is the most common life-threatening cancer diagnosis in women. Although primary local control surgery is still the mainstay of treatment for early breast cancer, it often may not cure patients, as it does not eradicate micrometastases that are present in a subset of patients. In order to decrease the risk for local and distant relapse, the addition of adjuvant local radiation therapy and/or systemic hormonal and/or chemotherapy is necessary to increase the cure rate.However, the treatment of early or advanced breast cancer, with the aim to improve survival or palliation, may induce potentially severe short- and long-term toxicities. One disabling side effect of cancer treatment is premature menopause. The risk for the development of early menopause with polyagent adjuvant chemotherapy has been reported to be in the range of 53%–89%. The frequency of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea varies with age, the cytotoxic agents used, and the cumulative dose.In premenopausal women with endocrine-responsive tumors, the additional benefit of endocrine therapies after locoregional treatment and chemotherapy has been shown in the adjuvant setting of breast cancer. Endocrine therapy results in a significant improvement in both recurrence-free survival and overall survival in patients younger than 50 years of age. Endocrine therapies include suppression of ovarian function by irradiation, surgery, or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) or gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. It is an option to combine ovarian ablation with other types of endocrine therapies, including aromatase inhibitors and selective estrogen receptor downregulators.However, these therapies for breast cancer in premenopausal women increase the risk for early menopause, with the resulting loss of childbearing capacity and symptoms such as hot flashes, genitourinary atrophy, and psychological distress. Hot flashes are one of the symptoms that occur with considerable frequency in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Hot flashes can interfere with quality of life and the quality or duration of sleep.There is a wide range of possible disruptions in day-to-day living because of the impact of hot flashes. When hot flashes disrupt quality of life or the quality of sleep in breast cancer patients, these patients should be informed about therapeutic options, and interventions should be considered in the prevention and management of hot flashes.